People with dementia have high risk of falling, NIHR-backed study reveals

^{Brendon Stubbs hopes the study will lead to proactive falls prevention targeted at those at highest risk}

The National Institute for Health Research-funded cohort study, published on 9 May, followed more than 8,000 people with dementia (64 per cent female) over an average of 2.5 years. The researchers claim it is the largest study of its kind.

‘Our research suggests that the risk of hospitalisation due to a fall or fractures in dementia is largely determined by environmental and socioeconomic factors and not poorer cognition or medication,’ said Brendon Stubbs, post-doctoral research physiotherapist at King’s College London and head of physiotherapy at South London and Maudsley NHS Trust.

Falls and fractures

The researchers found that one third (2,500) of the people it studied had a fall leading to hospitalisation, while almost one in five (18 per cent) had a fracture.

Women with dementia, and those with physical health problems who live alone in deprived neighbourhoods and problematic living conditions, are at a higher risk of having a fall leading to their hospitalisation, the study suggests.

Contrary to the findings of previous smaller studies, the research also indicates that prescribed medicines, particularly psychotropic, and symptoms of dementia such as memory loss and cognition were less important risk factors.

Role of physios

‘We must urgently find better ways to prevent people with dementia falling and sustaining fractures,’ said Dr Stubbs, adding: ‘Physios play an integral role in identifying, managing and preventing falls and fractures.

‘I hope this research will lead to more proactive and focused interventions targeted at those at highest risk.’

Dr Stubbs’ research was supported by physiotherapy professor Sallie Lamb at Oxford University.

Responding to the findings, CSP chair Alex MacKenzie, said: ‘It’s important research that allows us to understand why people with dementia are falling.

Safe at home

‘People with dementia are safest in their own home. But falls can be catastrophic, often leading to hospitalisation, a loss of independence, deteriorating health and in some cases, death.

‘We must do more to support those at risk of falling, and ensure access to rehabilitation services for all those who need it.’